Tintagel Castle, perched atop a rugged Cornish peninsula, is a captivating historical site that has captured the imagination of visitors for centuries. Its unique layout, steeped in Arthurian legend and early medieval history, offers a glimpse into the strategic and symbolic significance of this remarkable fortress.
What is the Layout of Tintagel Castle?
Tintagel Castle’s layout is divided into two main sections: the upper and lower wards, located on the mainland, and the inner ward, which clings to the headland. The castle is accessed via a hanging footbridge and steeply ascending stone steps, reflecting its defensive positioning.
Key Features of Tintagel Castle’s Layout
1. Upper and Lower Wards
The upper ward contains the remains of the 13th-century castle built by Richard, 1st Earl of Cornwall, while the lower ward has evidence of earlier settlements, including a high-status site from the 5th or early 6th century.
2. Inner Ward
The inner ward, situated on the headland, includes the remains of the castle’s defensive structures. This section offers spectacular views of the coastline, emphasizing the site’s strategic location.
3. Merlin’s Cave
Located below the castle, Merlin’s Cave is associated with the legendary figure of Merlin, adding to the site’s Arthurian lore.
4. King Arthur’s Footprint
A hollow in the rock at the highest point of Tintagel Island’s southern side may have been used for the inauguration of kings or chieftains, further connecting the site to the legend of King Arthur.
5. Gallos Sculpture
A modern sculpture, unveiled in 2016, symbolizes the power and history of the Tintagel Castle site.
Historical and Legendary Significance of Tintagel Castle
Tintagel Castle’s layout and location have contributed to its enduring historical and legendary significance:
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Association with King Arthur: The site’s connection to King Arthur was first recorded in the 12th century by Geoffrey of Monmouth, who described Tintagel as the place of Arthur’s conception.
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Early Settlements: Archaeological findings indicate that Tintagel was occupied during the Romano-British period and was a high-status settlement in the early medieval period, with trading links to the Mediterranean.
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Defensive Position: The castle’s location on a headland with sheer cliffs provided natural defensive advantages, although it was not primarily built for defense but to align with the legend of King Arthur.
Visiting Tintagel Castle
- Address: Castle Road, Tintagel, Cornwall, England, PL34 0HE
- Access: No direct vehicle access; visitors must walk from Tintagel village or use a shuttle car service.
- Managed By: English Heritage
- Opening Hours: Typically open from 10:00 AM, but check the official English Heritage website for specific times and any seasonal variations.
Quantifiable Details
- Distance to Walk: 2.8 miles (4.5 km) from Tintagel village to the castle
- Climbing: 205 meters
- Coordinates: OS: SX052 890