Alnwick Castle, located in Alnwick, Northumberland, England, is a magnificent medieval fortress that has stood tall for over 950 years. This iconic castle has witnessed the ebb and flow of history, serving as a strategic stronghold, a family home, and a popular filming location. In this comprehensive blog post, we’ll delve into the rich and fascinating history of Alnwick Castle, exploring its origins, the influential Percy family, and its transformation over the centuries.
Origins and Early History
Alnwick Castle’s construction is believed to have begun in 1096, commissioned by Ivo de Vesci, a Norman baron. The castle was built in the aftermath of the Norman Conquest, serving as a symbol of power and control over the border region. Designed with strong defensive features, the castle boasted 2-meter thick walls, a 7-meter deep moat, two baileys, and thick oak gates, making it a formidable border fortress.
The Percy Family: Guardians of Alnwick Castle
The Percy family has been the proud owners of Alnwick Castle for over 700 years. The first Henry de Percy purchased the stronghold from the Bishop of Durham in 1309, and the family has since played a significant role in English history. From their involvement in the Wars of the Roses to various risings against the Tudors, the Percys have left an indelible mark on the castle’s legacy.
In 1766, the title of Duke of Northumberland was created, and the current Duke, Ralph Percy, is the 12th to hold this prestigious title. The Percy family’s long-standing association with Alnwick Castle has ensured its preservation and transformation over the centuries.
Renovations and Restorations
Alnwick Castle has undergone several renovations and restorations throughout its history, each reflecting the changing architectural styles and the needs of its occupants.
In the 14th century, Henry Percy and his son converted the castle into a mighty border fortress, adding towers, guerites (small turrets), and a strong gatehouse to enhance its defensive capabilities. They also incorporated a concealed postern gate, a secret entrance that could be used for covert operations.
During the 18th century, the 1st Duchess of Northumberland undertook a restoration project, adding stone figures to the battlements in a high Gothic style. In the Victorian era, the 4th Duke of Northumberland employed architect Anthony Salvin to restore the castle’s exterior to a more authentic medieval border fortress appearance, while the state apartments were designed in an Italianate palazzo style.
Alnwick Castle in the Modern Era
In recent decades, Alnwick Castle has gained fame as a filming location for various movies and TV shows. It has served as a backdrop for scenes in the Harry Potter series, Transformers: The Last Knight, and Downton Abbey, among others, captivating audiences worldwide.
Today, Alnwick Castle is a popular tourist attraction, drawing over 600,000 visitors per year when combined with the adjacent Alnwick Garden. Visitors can explore the castle’s rich history, marvel at its architectural grandeur, and immerse themselves in the captivating stories that have unfolded within its walls.
Facts and Figures
- Alnwick Castle is the second-largest inhabited castle in England, after Windsor Castle.
- The castle’s library boasts over 14,000 catalogued books.
- 112 members of the castle staff and the Percy family fought in the First World War.
Visiting Alnwick Castle
To visit Alnwick Castle, pre-booking is essential, and a valid timeslot ticket is required for all visitors. The castle is open to the public, and visitors can plan their visit and book tickets online.
References
- https://www.alnwickcastle.com/explore/the-history
- https://www.britannica.com/place/Alnwick-Castle-England
- https://www.alnwickcastle.com/explore/the-history/the-history-of-the-castle
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alnwick_Castle
- https://www.alnwickcastle.com/explore/the-history/facts-figures